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RESULTS

(10)

DISEASE: Deep bark canker

HOST: Walnut

Reddish brown exudate flowing from longitudinal cracks in the trunk. Cankers are deep extending into wood.

DISEASE: Deep bark canker

HOST: Walnut

Reddish brown exudate flowing from cracks in trunk, a result of systemic invasion by the bacterium.

DISEASE: Deep bark canker

HOST: Walnut

Pits in the wood and black streaks in inner bark are key diagnostic symptoms.

DISEASE: Deep bark canker

HOST: Walnut

Removal of bark revealed pitted vascular tissues.

DISEASE: Deep bark canker

HOST: Walnut

Dead limbs are characteristic of advanced stage of disease.

DISEASE: European stone fruit yellows

HOST: Almond

The disease causes yellowing and rolling of leaves (right). Leaves become thick and rough in texture. Healthy leaves (left).

DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin

HOST: Cherry

Comparison of normal, dark cherries (in hand) with infected, immature cherries with less pigmentation.

DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin

HOST: Cherry

Healthy cherry shoot (left) and stunted shoot (right).

DISEASE: X-disease (Western X) or buckskin

HOST: Cherry

Infected trees on 'Mazzard' rootstock (right) may live for years, producing fruit with symptoms. Trees on 'Mahaleb' rootstock (left) usually die rapidly in year of infection, about time of fruit ripening.