DISEASE: Alfalfa dwarf
HOST: Alfalfa
Alfalfa dwarf is characterized by stunted plants (left), usually dark blue-green in color. Xylem tissues become brown, especially when exposed to air.

Alfalfa dwarf | Alfalfa
DISEASE: Alfalfa dwarf
HOST: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
PATHOGEN: Xylella fastidiosa
SOURCE: R. M. Davis
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple
Fruit with water-soaked spots.

Blister spot | Apple
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica)
PATHOGEN: Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans
SOURCE: T. Burr
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple
Water-soaked blister spots on leaves of blighted twig.

Blister spot | Apple
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica)
PATHOGEN: Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans
SOURCE: T. Burr
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple
Apple with brownish blister spots.

Blister spot | Apple
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica 'Mutsu')
PATHOGEN: Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans
SOURCE: S. Thomson
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple
Late stage of blister spot. The purplish black lesions are associated with lenticels and stomata.

Blister spot | Apple
DISEASE: Blister spot
HOST: Apple (Malus domestica 'Crispin')
PATHOGEN: Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans
SOURCE: T. Burr
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Almond
White, macerated tissues near cambium region is characteristic of disease. Foam is usually associated with cankers. The disease is suspected to be bacterial but the causal agent has not been identified.

Foamy canker | Almond
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Almond (Prunus dulcis)
PATHOGEN: Causal agent unknown
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Almond
Amber red-colored ooze sliding down the trunk. The causal agent has not been identified.

Foamy canker | Almond
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Almond (Prunus dulcis)
PATHOGEN: Causal agent unknown
SOURCE: B. Teviotdale
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Koa
Foamy canker of koa is associated with bacteria and yeast. The causal agent has not been identified.

Foamy canker | Koa
DISEASE: Foamy canker
HOST: Koa (Acacia koa)
PATHOGEN: Causal agent unknown
SOURCE: H. Keyser